Page 55 - Education for Development:George Psacharopoulos University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

މ೯࢝Ͼ઺ԃj݁ഄމОkc53

€ɚ͕ໆ

ၾʕቀ͛޴ˢdߕ਷ҁϓʕഃ઺ԃٙලɛա္ຫ฿ଟϞɽషٙɨࠥf
ኪࣧ઺ԃϋᅰӊᄣ̋ɓϋdංࣉɛᅰఱಯˇ11%fʕኪଭุଟ౤৷ɤࡈ

ϵʱᓃکঐ੄Դං໾ଟɨࠥ7%fɓධᝈ࿀܀ഁЇϓϋٙ৷ᓼ౵๿ኪۃࠇ
೥€High/Scope Perry preschool program৛ᔳሜݟᜑͪd̬ɤ๋ࣛٙ஗
ං໾ଟɨࠥə0.24%fɓධ௛۬ኪۃࠇྌ€Syracuse preschool program
ۆԴਞၾ٫աᇠΑ܁ѓٙˢଟࠥЭՑ6%d޴࿁׵࿁๫ଡ଼ٙ22%€Lochner,

2011f
ɓԬٟึлूመνࠥЭ࿁਷࢕਄ੰʿ၅лᎴ౉ٙԱ፠eࠥЭ္ဪϓ͉
Ԩପ͛ᕘ̮ٙ೼ϗഃdேၾ৷ʕଭุϞᗫfίߕ਷d৷ʕ઺ԃҁϓଟ౤৷

1%dکঐ੄ପ͛14ᄂߕʩٙϋܓٟึлूdϾவ݊ΪމࠥЭəᅳɢձৌ
ପ͕ໆٙᗫڷ€Lochner and Moretti, 2004f
ίߵ਷dӚϞኪዝٙɛ஗кΑٙዚଟ༰Ϟኪዝ٫৷̈ɞ࠴f̻ѩఱኪ

ϋᅰᄣ̋ɓϋdΪৌପ͕ໆϾ஗ࣉٙዚଟکࠥЭ25%fҁϓሙุٙ઺ԃ໾
൨̙ਗ਼ɝ܃᛿ೳˢଟ੽22%ࠥЭՑ6%fίߵࣸᚆձ۾ဧ౶d̻ѩఱኪϋᅰ
౤৷ɓϋd̙ԴΪৌପ͕ໆϾ஗֛ໆкΑٙˢଟಯˇ20-30%dᅳɢ͕ໆ˙

ࠦۆߒಯˇɧʱʘɓЇɓ̒€Lochner, 2011f
޴࿁׵৷ʕଭุ٫dίɽኪεఱᛘɓϋ̙Դอ͛Յ᜗ࠠʔԑ̙ٙঐ
׌ࠥЭ20%dϘପՅˢଟࠥЭ15%fɽኪίኪεɓϋԴᕿ̳ಂіരБމ

ಯˇߒɧʱʘɓdɰԴପۃᏨݟٙ೯͛ଟ౤৷3%€Currie and Moretti,
2003f
ၾ઺ԃ೻ܓ༰Э͎ٙፋ޴ˢdա༰৷઺ԃ͎ٙፋڀί܀ɿԒɪٙࣛග

ɰˢ༰ε€Kalil, Ryan, and Corey, 2010f˨͎ፋٙԃՅ๫ᚥΪϾϓމՅ
ഁႩٝၾڢႩٝ೯࢝௰ࠠࠅٙӔ֛Ϊ९dуکίϗɝ޴຅ٙ࢕ࢬʘගˢ
༰͵್€Cunha and Heckman, 2009; Angrist and Lavy, 1996; Murnane, 1981;

Edwards and Grossman 1980fϤ̮d˨͎઺ԃ೻ܓ༰৷ٙ܀ɿɰˢ༰਄