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340      ᐿ࿲ၾආӉj઺ԃٙɢඎ





               ਷̮˙ࠦdPsacharopoulos€1981ʱؓ΢਷઺ԃϗूଟ೯ତd৷ഃ઺ԃ

               ϗूଟɽߒί10%fPsacharopoulos€1994Ύ০࿁΢਷઺ԃϗूଟࠠอ
               ࠇၑ೯ତdɾ׌઺ԃϗू৷׵Ӳ׌e౷ஷ઺ԃϗू৷׵ᔖุ઺ԃi৷ഃ઺
               ԃίيଣe߅ኪᗳ߅ٟٙึϗू༰Эdίʈ೻eجܛʿ຾᏶ᗳ߅ٙӷɛ઺

               ԃϗू௰৷fOECD€2017ʱؓ΢਷઺ԃϗू೯ତdዦݲeෳήлeˢ
               лࣛe̋ࣅɽeઠдeʗ௥eฌဧᚆeځᚆeΖ˫лe˸Ѝΐe່ɽлe
               ˚͉eஃᚆeॲГᚆe࣑۾eتᚆe໧ൃ˫ၾГफ˫ٙɽኪ઺ԃϗू΢

               މ9%e8%e12%e12%e15%e7%e14%e7%e14%e13%e8%e3%e
               7%e7%e9%e24%e19%ʿ11%fɪࠑ̙˸޶̈d਷͏ה੻ฏ৷dฏ΋
               ආٙ਷࢕d઺ԃϗूଟˢ༰Эfਿ׵ɪࠑd͉޼ӺίПࠇၽᝄٙɽኪ΢ᗳ

               ઺ԃϗूਗ਼ॶɝ઺ԃϋᅰeʈЪ຾᜕e׌йe੎ۿًرၾ֢Иήਜഃf


                                    ਞe޼Ӻணࠇၾྼ݄




               ɓeʱؓݖ࿴


                   ͉޼Ӻৰə˖ᘠʱؓʘ̮dɓ˙ࠦ˸୕ࠇ˙جʱؓၽᝄ৷ഃ઺ԃ
               Զഗdɰఱ݊ீཀ˰ޢვБ€World Bank, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2011, 2016,

               2017༟ࣘdܔͭ΢਷৷ഃ઺ԃඎ̻ٙѩ೯࢝ᅼόd޼Ӻݖ࿴νྡ9f̤
               ɓ˙ࠦ˸Б݁৫˴ࠇᐼஈ€1990d2000d2010d2016d2017೯̺ٙɛɢ
               ༶͜ሜݟʘࡡ֐༟ࣘdԱኽɛɢ༟͉ଣሞጜ፯ᜊධdணࠇ઺ԃϗूଟᅼ

               όdீཀ୕ࠇʱؓɽኪ΢ᗳ઺ԃϗूd޼Ӻݖ࿴νྡ10f

               ɚeᅼόண֛ၾᜊධ಻ඎ


                   ͉޼Ӻ༶͜ՇࡈᅼόԸʱؓdୋɓࡈᅼόމ΢਷৷ഃ઺ԃίኪଟ୅ਗ

               ̻ѩᅼόdνɨf
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